Devi Bhagavatam
THE THIRD BOOK
Chapter VI
On the description of the Devi’s Vibhutis (powers)
1-10. Brahma said :– When I thus asked with great humility, the Devi Bhagavati, the Prime Sakti, She addressed me thus in the following sweet words :– There is oneness always between me and the Purusa; there is difference whatsoever at any time between me and the Purusa (Male, the Supreme Self). Who is I, that is Purusa; who is Purusa, that is I. The difference between force and the receptacle of force is due to error. He who knows the subtle difference between us two, is certainly intelligent; he is freed from this bondage of Samsara; there is no manner of doubt in this. The One Secondless Eternal ever-lasting Brahma substance becomes dual at the time of creation. As a lamp, though one, becomes two by virtue of adjuncts; as a face, though one, becomes two, as reflected in a mirror; as one man becomes double by his shadow, we become reflected into many, by virtue of different Antah Karanas (mind, buddhi, and ahankara) created by Maya. The necessity of creation, again and again, after the Prakriti Pralayas is due to the fructification of those Karmas of the Jivas, whose fruits were not enjoyed before the Pralayas ; so when creation again commences, the above said differences are found to appear; Brahma is the material cause of these changes; without Brahma as the basis, the existence of Maya is simply impossible. It is therefore that in Maya and Maya’s action, Brahma is interwoven. For this reason as many differences are found in Maya, so many differences exist in Brahma.
The Maya and Brahma appear as two and hence all the differences, visible and invisible, have come forth. Only during creation are these differences conceived. When everything melts away, i.e., there comes the Pralaya or general dissolution, then, I am not female, I am not male, nor I am hermaphrodite. I then remain as Brahma with Maya latent in it. During the time of creation I am Sri (wealth), Buddhi (intellect), Dhriti, (fortitude). Smriti (recollection), Sraddha (faith), Medha (intelligence), Daya (mercy), Lajja (modesty), Kshudha (hunger), Trishna (thirst), Kshama (forgiveness), Akshama (non-forgiving), Kanti (lustre), Santi (peace), Pipasa (thirst), Nidra (sleep) Tandra (drowsiness), Jara (old age), Ajara (non old-age), Vidya (knowledge), Avidya (non-knowledge), Spriha (desires), Vanchha (desires), Sakti (force), ASakti (non-force), Vasa (fat), Majja (marrow), Tvak (skin), Dristi (sight), Satyasatya Vakya (true and untrue words) and it is I that become Para, Madhyama, PaSyanti, etc., the innumerable Nadis (tubular organs of the body, e. g., arteries, veins, intestines, blood vessels, pulses, etc.); there are three koti and a half Nadis (35 millions of Nadis).
11-13. O Brahma ! See what substance is there in this Samsara, that is separate from Me? And what can you imagine with which I am not connected? So know this as certain that I am these all forms. O Creator ! Say, is there any such thing, where you will not see my above mentioned positive form? So, in this creation, I am one, and I am many as well, in various forms. Know this as certain that it is I, that assuming the names of all the various Devas, exist in so many forms of Saktis. It is I that manifest power and wield strength.
14-27. O Brahma ! I am Gauri, Brahmi, Raudri, Varahi, Vaisnavi, Siva, Varuni, Kauveri, Nara Sinhi, and Vasavi Saktis. I enter in every substance, in everything of the nature of effect. Making that Purusa the instrument, I do all the actions (rather Purusa is the efficient cause,
the immediate agent). I am the coolness in water, the heat in fire, the lustre in the Sun, the cooling rays in the Moon; and thus I manifest my my strength. O Brahma ! Verily, I tell you this as certain that this universe becomes motionless, if it be abandoned by Me. If I leave Sankara, he will not be able to kill the Daityas. A very weak man is declared to be as without any strength; he is not said to be without Rudra, or without Visnu, nobody says like this; everyone says, he is without strength, without Sakti. Those who get fallen, tumbled, afraid, quiet, or under one’s enemies are called powerless; no one says that this man is Rudraless and so forth. So the creation that you perform, know Sakti, power to be the cause thereof. When you will be endowed with that Sakti, you will be able to create this whole Universe. Hari, Rudra, Indra, Agni, Chandra, Surya, Yama, ViSvakarma, Varuna Pavana, and other Devas all are able to do their karmas, when they are united respectively with their Saktis. This Earth, when united with Sakti, remains fixed and becomes capable to hold all the Jivas and beings. And if this Earth be devoid of force, She cannot hold an atom even.
Thus Ananta, Kurma and all the other elephants of the eight points of the compass, become able to do their respective works, only by My help (when united with Me, the Force). O Lotus born ! If I wish I can drink all the fire and waters today and I can hold wind in check. I do whatever I wish. If I say that I am creating this world then the inconsistency arises thus :–“When I am everything, then I am being eternal, all this universe, made up of Prapancha, becomes eternal.” (Whereas this universe is not eternal in the sense that it is changing.) If it were said that this universe is different from Me, then My saying that I am everything becomes inconsistent. Thinking thus, do not plunge yourself in the doubt as to the reality and origin and separateness of the non-eternal universe. For what is unreal, how can that come into existence? The unreal substances can never come into existence; as the child of a barren woman, the flowers in the sky are simply absurd. What is real can only be born. In discussing about origin, birth, etc., the appearance and disappearance of real things is called their birth and dissolution. In the cold of earth there exists the previous existence of the jar and this is the cause of the appearance of the jar; the disappearance of the jar exists in the jar; hence this disappearance is the cause of the destruction of the jar. Thus the appearance and disappearance of the causal eternal things are called the Origin and Pralaya. Similarly in discussing on the causal nature, there does not arise an inconsistency in My being everything.
28-48. So there is nothing to fear. In discussing about the reality of effects, this is to be conceived, that today there does not exist here the earth in the form of jar, if it is destroyed, where it has gone? The conclusion is that the earth in the form of jar exists in atoms. O Brahma ! All substances eternal, existing for a moment only, the void, and the substances of the nature, real and unreal both, all are due to a cause.
Ahankara is born first among them. Thus substances are of seven kinds: Mahat, etc. O Unborn One ! Mahattattva first arises from Prakriti; from Mahattattva springs Ahamkara; and from Ahamkara arises other substances. Thus, in this order, you go on creating this Universe. O Brahma ! Now you better go to your respective places, and after creating the Universe, remain there and perform your respective functions ordained by Prarabdha. Take this beautiful great Sakti Maha Sarasvati, full of Rajoguna, and of a smiling nature. This Sakti, wearing white clothes, adorned with divine ornaments and sitting on Varasana, will always be your playmate. This beautiful woman will always be your boon companion; consider Her as My bibhuti (manifestation of power), and so most worshipful. Never show any sort of disrespect towards Her. Take Her and go immediately to Satyaloka; and from the seed of Mahattattva, create the fourfold beings from these. The subtle bodies (Linga sarira) and Karmas are remaining mixed up with each other. Separate them, as before, duly, in due
time.
Now go on as before and according to Kala (time), Karma, and Svabhava (nature), join them with their respective attributes (sounds and other qualities); in other words bestow fruits according to their gunas and Karmas (Prarabdhas), and to the time when these fruits are due.
Visnu is prominent in Sattvaguna and hence superior to You. So You should always respect and worship Him. Whenever any difficulty will come to you, Visnu will come down on earth to fulfil your ends. Janardan Visnu will sometimes be born in the wombs of birds and animals, be sometimes in the wombs of men and destroy the Danavas. The highly powerful Maha Deva, too, will help you. Now create the Devas and enjoy as you like. The Brahmanas, Kshattriyas, and Vaisyas will worship you, with devotion, in various sacrifices, endowed with due sacrificial fees. All the Devas will be always satisfied when my name “Svaha” will be uttered in the sacrificial oblations and ceremonies.
Siva, the incarnate of Tamo guna will be revered and worshipped by all persons in every sacrifice. When the Devas will be frightened by the Daityas, then Varahi, Vaisnavi, Gauri, Nara Simhi, Sachi, Siva and My other Saktis will take excellent bodies and destroy your fear. So, O Lotus-born ! Be at your ease and do work. You utter and repeat my nine-lettered mantra with Vija and Dhyan and do your work.
O highly intelligent one ! This nine-lettered mantra is the best of all the mantras. You are to keep this mantra, within your heart, for the accomplishment of all your ends.
Thus saying to me, Bhagavati smiled and began to say to Visnu :– O Visnu ! Take this beautiful Maha LakSmi and go. She will always reside within your breast; there is no doubt in this. This all auspicious giving Sakti I give to you for your enjoyment.
You should always shew respect to Her; never show hatred or contempt. For the good of the world, I unite thus LakSmi and Narayan. For your sustenance I create Yajna. You three will act together in harmony unanimously.
You, Brahma and Siva are my three Devas, born of my Gunas. You three will undoubtedly be respected and worshipped by the world.
The stupid man who will find any difference between you three, will go to hell; there is no doubt in this. He who is Hari, is Siva; He who Siva is Hari; to make difference between these will lead one to hell. So Brahma is one and the same with Siva and Visnu; there no manner of doubt in this. O Visnu ! But there are other differences in their Gunas; I will tell this; listen, as far as meditation of the Supreme Self is concerned you will have Sattva Guna predominant within you; and Rajo Guna and Tamo Guna will be secondary. In various other pursuits and Vikaras (changes) better have Rajo Guna with LakSmi and always enjoy Her.
49-85. O Lord of Rama ! I give you Vakvija, Kamavija, and Mayavija that will lead you to the highest end. Take this Mantra and repeat it and enjoy as you like. O Visnu ! By this, the danger of death, caused Kala, will never come to you. When the creation of this Universe will be completely done I will then destroy this whole thing, moving and non-moving. You all will then be dissolved in Me. You should add pranava this mantra with Kamavija leading to Moksa and repeat it always with auspicious motives. O Purusottama ! Build your Vaikunthapuri; live there and think of this My Eternal Form and enjoy as you like.
Brahma said :– Saying thus to Vasudeva, that Higher Prakriti Devi who is all of the three Gunas and yet transcending them, began to address Maha Deva, the Deva of the Devas, in sweet words, thus :– O Sankara ! Accept this beautiful Maha Kali Gauri, build a new KailàSa city and live there happily. Your primary Gunas will be Tamas; Sattva and Rajas will be your secondary Gunas. Have recourse to Rajo and Tamo Gunas while you slay the Asuras and thus wander.
O sinless Sankara ! Have recourse to peaceful Satto Guna, when you reflect on the Supreme Self and practise austerities. You all are for creating, preserving and destroying the Universe and you are all of the three Gunas. There is no such thing in this world as are devoid of these three Gunas. Everything, that is visible, is endowed with the three Gunas, and whatever will be or was before cannot exist without them. Only the Supreme Self is without these Gunas; but He is not visible. O Sankara ! I am the Para Prakriti; at times I appear with Gunas; and at others I remain without any Gunas. O Sambhu ! I am always of the causal nature; never I am of the nature of effect. When I am causal, I am with Gunas; and when I am before the Highest Purusa, I am, then, without any Gunas on account of my remaining in the state of equilibrium (Samya vastha). Mahattattva, Ahamkara, and sound, touch, etc., all the Gunas perform the work of Samsara, day and night, each preceding one being the cause and each subsequent one being the effect; never do they cease in their activities.
From the Reality (Sat vastu) springs Ahamkara (Avyakta); therefore I am of the nature of causality; again Ahamkara is embodied with the three Gunas, and so the Pundits call it as an effect of mine. From Ahamkara arises Mahattattva; this is denominated as Buddhi. So Mahattattva is the effect and Ahamkara is its cause. From Mahattattva arises again another Ahamkara; from this second Ahamkara arise the five Tanmatras or the subtle elements. From these five Tanmatras, the five gross elements arise after a process called Panchikarana. From the Sattvika part of the five Tanmatras, arise the five organs of perception; from their Rajasik part, the five organs of action come; from their Panchikarana, came the five gross elements; from the Sattvika portion of all the five elements comes mind. Thus sixteen things come into existence. These organs of perception, etc., and other effects together with the Maha bhutas form one Gana, composed of the sixteen categories. The original Purusa is the Supreme Self; He is neither cause nor is He any effect. O Sambhu ! At the beginning of the creation, all the above things are born in the way already indicated. Thus I have described to you, in brief; about the creation. O Devas ! Now get up in your aeroplane and go to your respective places and fulfil your respective duties. Whenever you get into any dire distress, then remember Me; I will appear before you. O Devas ! You should remember always the Eternal Supreme Self and Me. When you will remember us both, all your actions, will, no doubt, be crowned with success.
Brahma said :– Bhagavati Durga gave us Saktis, full of Divine beauty and lustre; She gave Maha Laksmi to Visnu, Maha Kali to Siva, and Maha Sarasvati to me and bade good bye to us. Thus given farewell to by the Devi, we three went to another place and were born as males. We thought of the very wonderful nature and influence of the Devi and we got upon our divine aeroplane. When we ascended, we saw there was no Manidvipa, there was no Devi, there was no ocean of nectar, nothing whatsoever. Save our aeroplane, we did not see anything. We then got into our wide aeroplane and reached there where Visnu killed the two indomitable Daityas, in the great ocean, where I was born from the lotus.
Thus ends the Sixth Chapter of the Third Skandha on the description of the Devi’s Vibhutis
(powers) in the Mahapuranam Srimad Devi Bhagavatam of 18,000 verses by Maharsi Veda Vyas.